The full names for the two types of restrictive surgery for weight loss are:

• Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding which id the most common form of restrictive surgery, and
• Vertical banded gastroplasty

Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding

Laparoscopic gastric banding is often called gastric banding or lap banding and is the second most common weight loss surgery, after gastric bypass.

Gastric Lap band surgery will involves the following:

• Using laparoscopic tools, the procedure will place an adjustable silicone band around the upper part of the stomach.
• Squeezed by this silicone gastric band, the stomach becomes a pouch with about an inch-wide outlet. After banding, the stomach can only hold about an ounce of food, so you will feel full alot faster.
• A plastic tube runs from the silicone gastric band to a circluar device just under the skin. Saline (sterile salt water) can be injected or removed through the skin, flowing into or out of the silicone band.
• By adding the saline the band can be tightened or loosened as needed.

Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding can help to reduce your weight by about 40%  on average. So someone who is 200 pounds overweight could expect to lose an average of 80 pounds after gastric banding. However, these results vary widely depending on the person.

Gastric banding is considered the least invasive form of weight loss surgery and is also the safest too. The procedure can be reversed if necessary and the stomach generally returns to its normal size.

Gastric Lap banding surgery has a low complication rate. The most common problems after lap banding surgery include:

• Nausea and vomiting. Can by reduced by adjustment of the banding.
• Minor surgical complications occur less than 10% of the time. These include problems with the adjustment device, wound infections, or minor bleeding.
• The risk of death due to lap banding surgery is about 1 in 2,000.

Unlike gastric bypass surgery, gastric banding does not interfere with food absorption but just the quanitiy of food thats taken.So vitamin deficenceny for people who had Gastric banding is rare.

Vertical Banded Gastroplasty (VBG)

Vertical banded gastroplasty also involves a similar plastic band placed around the stomach. In addition to the band the surgeon will staple the stomach above the band into a small pouch.

Vertical banded gastroplasty results in less weight loss, compared with other surgeries and also has a higher complication rate. Therefore due to this vertical banded gastroplasty is less common today as approx. only 5% of bariatric surgeons still perform this surgery.

Mixed Surgeries (Restrictive and Malabsorptive)

Restrictive surgery is an important part of nearly all weight loss surgeries. In the most common weight loss surgery, gastric bypass surgery, restrictive surgery is first done on the stomach. This “stomach stapling” creates a small stomach pouch.

The new stomach pouch is reconnected to a part of the small intestine further down. This leads to less food eaten (restrictive) and less food absorbed (malabsorptive).

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